Monument record MCC477 - The Roman Legionary Fortress, Colchester
Summary
The Roman Legionary fortress at Colchester, AD 43-49. Covering about 20ha., it was the normal size to be expected for a legion. It has a large annexe of its east side, the exact position and extent of which remains unknown.
Location
| Grid reference | Centred TL 99 25 (516m by 444m) |
|---|---|
| Map sheet | TL92NE |
| County | ESSEX |
| Non Parish Area | COLCHESTER, COLCHESTER, ESSEX |
Map
Type and Period (1)
Full Description
Legionary fortress founded at Camulodunum after the Claudian conquest in AD 43. The 20th Legion was based here.<1><2><3>
Remains of the Roman Legionary Fortress have been recovered during large-scale archaeological investigations at Balkerne Lane 1973-6 (ECC332), the Gilberd School 1984-5 (ECC340) and at Lion Walk 1971 (ECC330), although the presence of a fortress was supected for many years previous to this work.
see MCC478 (ditch), MCC482 (rampart), MCC332 (barracks block 1), MCC337 (barrack block 2), MCC335 (E-W street), MCC338 (industrial site). MCC479 (via sagularis), MCC668 - MCC674 (barrack buildings including centurions quarters), MCC675 (Industrial Site).
The new colonia was founded in AD 49 on the site of the fortress.
Sources/Archives (3)
- <1> SCC100 Monograph: Crummy, Philip. 1981. CAR 3: Excavations at Lion Walk, Balkerne Lane and Middleborough, Colchester, Essex. 3.
- <2> SCC101 Monograph: Crummy, Philip. 1992. CAR 6: Excavations at Culver Street, the Gilberd School, and other sites in Colchester 1971-85. 6.
- <3> SCC573 Monograph: Crummy, Philip. 1997. City of Victory. pp.39-42.
Finds (0)
Protected Status/Designation
- None recorded
Related Monuments/Buildings (46)
- Related to: Ditch of Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC478)
- Related to: Ditch of Roman Legionary Fortress Annexe, Colchester (Monument) (MCC723)
- Related to: Early Roman Building (CAT Building 7), Lion Walk, Colchester (Monument) (MCC674)
- Related to: Early Roman Industrial Compound (1) at Sheepen, Colchester (Monument) (MCC1372)
- Related to: Prettygate Dyke, Colchester (Monument) (MCC1742)
- Related to: Rampart of Colchester's Legionary Fortress (Monument) (MCC482)
- Related to: Rampart of Legionary Fortress Annexe, Colchester (Monument) (MCC724)
- Related to: Road between fortress/town and main Colchester to London Road (Monument) (MCC475)
- Related to: Roman aqueduct ditch, Sheepen, Colchester (Monument) (MCC611)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 1), Lion Walk, Colchester (Monument) (MCC668)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 2), Lion Walk, Colchester (Monument) (MCC669)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 3), Lion Walk, Colchester (Monument) (MCC670)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 4), Lion Walk, Colchester (Monument) (MCC671)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 5), Lion Walk, Colchester (Monument) (MCC672)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 6), Site P Lion Walk, Colchester (Monument) (MCC673)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 77) of the Legionary Fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC753)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 78) of the Legionary Fortress , Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC754)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 79) of the Legionary Fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC755)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 80) of the Legionary Fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC756)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 81) of the Legionary Fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC758)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block (CAT Building 82) of the Legionary Fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC759)
- Related to: Roman Barrack Block, Legionary Fortress, Sixth Form College, North Hill, Colchester (Monument) (MCC1583)
- Related to: Roman barrack block, Roman Legionary Fortress, Mercury Theatre, Colchester (Monument) (MCC2018)
- Related to: Roman footway, Roman Legionary Fortress, Freda Gunton Lodge, Balkerne Gardens, Colchester (Monument) (MCC1541)
- Related to: Roman industrial site in the Roman Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC338)
- Related to: Roman Industrial Site, Site J Lion Walk, Colchester (Monument) (MCC675)
- Related to: Roman Legionary Barrack Block 1 (CAT Building 131), the Gilberd School, Colchester (Monument) (MCC332)
- Related to: Roman Legionary Barrack Block 2 (CAT Building 132), the Gilberd School, Colchester (Monument) (MCC337)
- Related to: Roman military building (CAT Building 83), legionary fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC775)
- Related to: Roman military building (CAT Building 84), legionary fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC776)
- Related to: Roman military building (CAT Building 85), legionary fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC778)
- Related to: Roman military building, Telephone Exchange, West Stockwell Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC1572)
- Related to: Roman Street of Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC761)
- Related to: Roman Street of Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC762)
- Related to: Roman street of Legionary Fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC781)
- Related to: Roman Street of Legionary Fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC763)
- Related to: Roman Street of Legionary Fortress, Culver Street, Colchester (Monument) (MCC764)
- Related to: Roman street of Legionary Fortress, the Gilberd School, Colchester (Monument) (MCC335)
- Related to: Roman street of Legionary Fortress, the Gilberd School, Colchester (Monument) (MCC346)
- Related to: Street of Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC99)
- Related to: Street of Roman Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC729)
- Related to: Street of Roman Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC730)
- Related to: Street of Roman Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC731)
- Related to: Street of Roman Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC824)
- Related to: Via principalis of the Legionary Fortress, Colchester (Monument) (MCC760)
- Related to: Via Sagularis of Colchester's Roman Legionary Fortress (Monument) (MCC479)
Related Events/Activities (4)
- Event - Intervention: Archaeological monitoring and recording along Balkerne Hill, Colchester, 2019-20 (Ref: ECC4358) (ECC4358)
- Event - Intervention: Balkerne Lane Excavations, Colchester, 1973-6 (Ref: ECC332) (ECC332)
- Event - Intervention: Excavations at the Gilberd School, Sixth Form College, North Hill, Colchester, 1984-5 (Ref: ECC340) (ECC340)
- Event - Intervention: Lion Walk excavations, Colchester, 1971-4 (Ref: ECC330) (ECC330)
Record last edited
Mar 23 2020 1:51PM