Monument record MCC468 - Burial ground of Crouched Friars Friary, Crouch Street, Colchester

Summary

Medieval burial ground within associated with, and around, the Church of the Crounched Friars.

Location

Grid reference Centred TL 99121 24946 (48m by 33m)
Map sheet TL92SE
County ESSEX
Non Parish Area COLCHESTER, COLCHESTER, ESSEX

Map

Type and Period (4)

Full Description

A number of ?late medieval-early 16th century burials have been recovered from the block of land occupied by 32-46 Crouch Street. Burials recovered in c.1895, 1928, 1977, 1988 and 2007 are likely to have come from the crouched Friars burial ground.<10>

In c.1895 a series of burials were recovered during the construction of a greenhouse at 38 Crouch Street. They were described as follows, "The skeletons were adult males and each man had been buried with a rude leaden cross on his chest".<1><2>

Various foundations and burials were noted by E.J. Rudsdale during the construction of Scott's Garage at 42 Crouch Street in 1928. A plan in the Museum (reproduced in CAR 6) shows the location of skeletons.<3><4><5>

Two probable medieval inhumations were observed in stanchion holes at the northern end of 42 Crouch Street during a watching brief in 1977.<6> Burials were found in stanchion holes for an office block at 32 Crouch Street in 1981.<11>

The intercutting of graves and the quantity of human bone recovered during the 1988 excavation at 42 Crouch Street suggests this was an intensively used and long-lived cemetery. Sixteen burials were identified dated to ?late medieval-early 16th century, other graves were observed in the contractors trenches.<7> The age and sex ratio indicated that the cemetery included local inhabitants as well as inmates (the Friary chapel was granted burial rights for local people in 1402).<8>

54 articulated inhumation burials (from 52 graves) were investigated in 2007, at 38-40 Crouch Street, laid out across areas corresponding to the north and south transepts at the east end of the church. The burials also contained a large quantity of disarticulated human remains. The burials were of a mixture of juvenile, adult and old males and females, with no apparent monastic characteristics. It is therefore assumed that they are the burials of parishioners. Although the evidence is not definitive, the most likely occasion for the creation of this cemetery would be after AD 1403, when a documentary reference suggests that some parts of the church were in need of repair, and were refurbished. There is little dated material in the grave fills, but the presence of peg-tile favours a late (rather than an early) medieval date for these burials. The medieval church walls and burials were all cut into a deep, dark earth layer which is probably late Roman and later.<9>

The mapped extent of the burial ground is based on the excavated graves (and it could be more extensive); the early maps suggest the enclosed (walled?) area of the House of the Crouched Friars was larger.<12>

Sources/Archives (12)

  • <1> Article in serial: Sier, L.C.. 1924. Crouched Friars, Colchester.
  • <2> Serial: Crummy, Philip. 1993. CAR 9:Excavations of Roman and later cemeteries, churches and monastic sites in Colchester, 1971-8. 9. p.245.
  • <3> Serial: Colchester Museums. 1933. Colchester Museum Reports 1925-1933. 1925-1933. pp.50-52.
  • <4> Serial: Crummy, Philip. 1993. CAR 9:Excavations of Roman and later cemeteries, churches and monastic sites in Colchester, 1971-8. 9. p.246.
  • <5> CORRESPONDENCE: Rudsdale, E. J. (Mr). 1929. SMR file: Skull from Crouched Friars.
  • <6> Monograph: Crummy, Philip. 1992. CAR 6: Excavations at Culver Street, the Gilberd School, and other sites in Colchester 1971-85. 6. p.854.
  • <7> Serial: Crummy, Philip. 1993. CAR 9:Excavations of Roman and later cemeteries, churches and monastic sites in Colchester, 1971-8. 9. pp.245-256.
  • <8> Monograph: Cooper, Janet (Ed). 1994. Vol. IX, The Borough of Colchester, A History of the County of Essex. Volume IX. p.307.
  • <9> EXCAV REPORT: Benfield, S. and Brooks, H.. 2007. Crouched Friars: the medieval church structure and its associated cemetery. 38-40 Crouch Street, Colchester: January-April 2007. CAT Report 434.
  • <10> Monograph: Gascoyne, Adrian and Radford, David. 2013. Colchester. Fortress of the War God. An Archaeological Assessment. p.273.
  • <11> Monograph: Crummy, Philip. 1992. CAR 6: Excavations at Culver Street, the Gilberd School, and other sites in Colchester 1971-85. 6. pp.975-976.
  • <12> Serial: Crummy, Philip. 1993. CAR 9:Excavations of Roman and later cemeteries, churches and monastic sites in Colchester, 1971-8. 9. Fig. 7.7.

Finds (0)

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Related Monuments/Buildings (1)

Related Events/Activities (8)

Record last edited

Oct 19 2016 11:45AM

Comments and Feedback

Do you have any more information about this record? Please feel free to comment with information and photographs, or ask any questions, using the "Disqus" tool below. Comments are moderated, and we aim to respond/publish as soon as possible.