Scheduled Monument: Gryme's Dyke at Stanway Green: part of the Iron Age territorial oppidum and Romano-British town of Camulodunum (1019992)
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Authority | Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) |
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Date assigned | 10 August 1923 |
Date last amended | 02 September 2002 |
Description
The monument includes buried and upstanding remains of part of a late Iron Age or Romano-British linear boundary located at Stanway Green, some 4km south west of Colchester town centre. The earthworks at Stanway Green form a right angled junction connecting two sections of the westernmost boundary of the Iron Age and Roman settlement at Colchester (Camulodunum). The northern end of Gryme’s Dyke South forms the western arm of the junction. The rampart here measures some 0.5m high and 10m across. The ditch, which is known to continue southward towards Maldon Road (where it is scheduled as part of a separate monument), survives buried beneath the track immediately to the west of the bank. Excavations elsewhere along the Gryme’s Dyke indicate that this ditch measures about 10m wide and 3-4m deep.
The junction of the two dyke alignments has been slighted by Heath Road, although the buried other ditch is thought to survive without significant interruption. The northern section of the dyke (known as part of Gryme’s Dyke Middle) runs eastward from this junction for some 140m towards the boundary of Stanway Green Cottage, the bank measuring between 0.5m and 0.8m high and averaging 9m in width. The external ditch, contiguous with the northern slope of the bank, remains visible along this section and measures up to 10m across and 0.7m deep. A north east to south west orientated ditch (averaging 9m across and 0.9m deep) turns back from the eastern end of the northern bank to create the curious triangular shape of the green. Further slight ditches have also been recorded alongside the inner edges of both the northern and western banks.
Excavated evidence for the date of the dyke places its construction in the early Roman period, although theories regarding its age and purpose are equally based on its appearance, location and position in relation to other dykes on the western side of the Iron Age and Romano-British settlement. It is considered that the dyke shows evidence of Roman planning and was added to strengthen the western approach soon after the conquest or as part of the reconstruction which followed the Boudican revolt. Stanway Green may reflect the meeting of two phases in its development, with the earlier northern section (Gryme’s Dyke North and Middle) built between Kidman’s Dyke and the River Colne to protect the western approaches to the Roman town, and the second section (Middle and South) added later to provide additional protection for the centre of native administration at Gosbecks. This required the sharp angle in order to run wide of the settlement on route to the Roman River.
All fences, fence posts, notice boards, little bins and the modern surface of Heath Road are excluded from the scheduling, although the ground beneath these features is included. <1>
External Links (1)
- View details on the National Heritage List for England (From EH UDS to Legacy x-reference)
Sources (1)
- SCC864 Scheduling record: Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS). 2002. Gryme's Dyke at Stanway Green scheduling description. Source 1.
Location
Grid reference | Centred TL 9607 2328 (192m by 124m) |
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Map sheet | TL92SE |
Civil Parish | STANWAY, COLCHESTER, ESSEX |
Related Monuments/Buildings (2)
Record last edited
Nov 6 2019 4:47PM