Building record MCC180 - 60 Head Street, Colchester

Summary

Late 17th century house (Rebow House), with later alterations, with an earlier medieval cellar (relating to an earlier building) dated by dendrochronology to the late 14th century.

Location

Grid reference TL 99437 25022 (point)
Map sheet TL92NE
County ESSEX
Non Parish Area COLCHESTER, COLCHESTER, ESSEX

Map

Type and Period (4)

Full Description

RCHME survey of 60 Head Street. The house 'is of two storeys with attics, timber-framed and plastered and with an 18th century front; the roofs are tiled. The cellar is probably medieval but the upper part of the house appears to date from the end of the 17th century. It is of half H-shaped plan with the wings extending towards the E. The back has a coved eaves-cornice of plaster returned round the wings. Inside the building the cellar has rubble walls and heavy hollow-chamfered ceiling beams with carved braces; the main room (now cut up) is of five bays and there is a small projecting room on the W. The staircase to the cellar has some reused 17th century panelling. The upper part of the house contains much bolection-moulded panelling of c.1690 and one room on the ground floor has a fireplace with a marble architrave of the same date. Condition-Good'.<1>

DOE survey of No's 58 to 62 Head Street. Grade II*. With No 17 Sir Isaac's Walk. Large late C17 house with medieval cellar with C18 front. Known as Headgate House or Rebow's House (Rebow family one of the richest and most important in the town in C17 and C18. Sir Isaac Rebow is said to have entertained William III here). The house is of 2 storeys and attics (2 hipped dormers at the rear) timber framed and plastered, the roofs tiled, half H-shaped plan with wings extending east at the rear; these wings have a covered eaves cornice of plaster, and roofs hipped at the east end. The front is plastered and has a parapet, 5 window range with central oriel to 1st floor, double hung sashes with glazing bars; the oriel has a modillioned cornice. Ground floor shops and offices. The interior has some late C17 features.<2>

In the Museum Resource Centre there is an Ink drawing of Headgate house in Sir Isaac's Walk from 1913.<3>

Two photographs taken in September 1936 showing exposed timbers on the south side of 17 Sir Isaac's Walk/ 62 Head Street.<4>

See Heritage Assessment by Leigh Alston 2016, to inform a planning application for refurbishment.<5>

Dendrochronological assessment was undertaken by Martin Bridge in 2016. Six timbers within the cellars were sampled. One yielded a core with fewer than 40 rings, which was excluded from further analysis. The five tree-ring series were combined into a 143-year site chronology, covering the period 1217–1359. One timber had a significantly earlier heartwood-sapwood boundary date than the others. If included, and considered as a single batch of timbers felled at the same time, the empirically derived felling date range for all five timbers is 1371–94. Bayesian modelling of the sapwood for each individual timber suggests that the earliest one should be excluded, leaving a 95% probability range for the likely felling of the remaining four timbers of 1370–80.<6>

Archaeological investigations took place in 2019 and 2020 during alterations and refurbishment (relating to a planning consent, no. 181160) and defined walls relating to an earlier (i.e. pre 17th century building) as well as a well. The investigations also provided an opportunity to record the medieval cellar.<7>

Sources/Archives (7)

  • <1> Monograph: Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England. 1922. Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England): Essex, (North-East). Volume III. 61.
  • <2> LIST: Department of the Environment. 1971. List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest: Borough of Colchester (Essex).
  • <3> COLLECTION / PARENT: Bale, J. E. (Major). 1837-1913. Bale Collection.
  • <4> COLLECTION / PARENT: Rudsdale, E. J. (Mr). 1930's. Five albums of photograph's by E.J. Rudsdale. Album No 4.
  • <5> Historic Building Recording: Alston, Leigh. 2016. Rebow House, Colchester, Essex. Heritage Asset Assessment.
  • <6> Historic Building Recording: Bridge, Martin. 2016. The Dendrochronological Dating of Timbers from the Cellars, Rebow House, 58-62 Head Street, Colchester, Essex. Oxford Dendrochronology Laboratory Report 2016/27.
  • <7> EXCAV REPORT: Pooley Laura and Baister, Mark. 2020. Archaeological monitoring and a historic building record of the medieval cellar at Rebow House, 58-62 Head Street, Colchester, Essex, CO1 1PB. CAT Report 1530.

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Protected Status/Designation

Related Monuments/Buildings (1)

Related Events/Activities (6)

Record last edited

Jun 11 2020 7:36AM

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