Element Group record MCC9344 - Iron Age and early Medieval occupation features to the south of Fossetts Lane, Fordham

Summary

An Early Iron Age ditch and pits and a large early Medieval ditch were defined in advance of the construction of a water pipeline in 2011.

Location

Grid reference TL 9329 2783 (point)
Map sheet TL92NW
County ESSEX
Civil Parish FORDHAM, COLCHESTER, ESSEX

Map

Type and Period (4)

Full Description

Between January and March 2011, a trench was machined and features investigated by Oxford Archaeology East - the 20m-wide easement of a water pipeline by Essex and Suffolk Water, 285m long to the south of Fossetts Lane.<1>

An isolated pit 4 was observed at the northern end of the site, and represents the earliest occupation on the site. This was circular in plan with a diameter of 1m x 0.1m deep. This pit had a primary fill (3) of light brownish yellow clay; the secondary fill (2), associated with its use, was a mid grey silty clay containing a large quantity of burnt flint and Iron Age pottery.
At the northern part of the site lay a north-west to south-east aligned ditch 12, 27, 35 and 40. The ditch was observed to be slightly curvilinear in nature, running for a length of 39.2m. The terminal to the north-west 40 had a width of 1.6m and was 0.2m deep, with a shallow profile, the observed terminus was truncated. The south-eastern terminal 27 was narrower, measuring 1m wide and 0.1m deep, again this is likely to be the result of truncation. The length of the ditch was infilled with a mid orangish grey silty clay, due to gradual infilling. Early Iron Age pottery and a struck flint were retrieved within ditch fill 11 and Early Iron Age pottery was collected from fill 26.
Pit 25 was observed to cut the south-eastern terminal; it was oval in plan, and measured 1.4m long, 1.1m wide and 0.2m deep. The profile was similar to the ditch but the fill was a distinctive darker grey silty clay fill, containing Early Iron Age pottery.
Four metres to the south of ditch 12, a sub-oval shallow scoop 19 was excavated. The dimensions of the pit were 2.75m long by 1.4m wide and 0.1m deep. The primary fill was a light brownish yellow clay. The secondary filling, associated with the pit's use, was a dark grey brown silty clay with charcoal deposits, containing Early Iron Age pottery.

A large irregular ditch was revealed running north-east to south-west across the northern part of site. The ditch was seen to have three distinct phases showing prolonged use, probably as part of an enclosure. The first phase 6 was observed within the northernmost intervention; this was a wide U-shaped ditch and measured 0.9m wide and 0.3m deep, with a single fill. No further evidence of this phase was seen within the interventions to the south-east, though this ditch is likely to have been truncated by later re-cuts.
The second phase 8, 15, 23, 28 and 48 was represented by a V-shaped profile and measured 1.3m in width and 0.85m in depth. This re-cut had two fills, the first of which was a mid yellowish brown silty clay, followed by a mid greyish brown silty clay, both of which resulting from gradual infilling when ditch was open. Two of these interventions yielded 12 - 14th Century pottery from the upper fills (29, 41).
The final phase 10, 13, 30 and 46 was a U-shaped ditch, 2,1m wide and 0.7m deep, infilled gradually with a mid greyish brown silty clay from which two fragments from a medieval horseshoe was retrieved. These re-cuts changed the alignment of the ditch from north-north-east to south-south-west to a more north-east to south-west orientation, which is why in plan it appears to widen to the south-east.

Sources/Archives (1)

  • <1> EXCAV REPORT: Stocks-Morgan, Helen. 2012. Prehistoric and Medieval activity along the route of the Wormingford to Abberton pipeline: Excavation Report. Fig. 3.

Finds (0)

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Related Monuments/Buildings (0)

Related Events/Activities (1)

Record last edited

Jul 28 2016 2:27PM

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