Monument record MCC8407 - Roman temple - Royal Grammar School Playing Fields, Colchester

Summary

Temple 6. In field 1266, c.1200 yards Sw of the Roman town and c.300ft W of the line of the Roman road coming from Gosbecks.

Location

Grid reference Centred TL 9819 2443 (256m by 229m)
Map sheet TL92SE
Non Parish Area COLCHESTER, COLCHESTER, ESSEX

Map

Type and Period (4)

Full Description

In field 1266, c.1200 yards Sw of the Roman town and c.300ft W of the line of the Roman road coming from Gosbecks. The temple was first observed in 1938 as a cropmark and more of the enclosure wall was visible in the summer of 1947. Exploration by the staff and boys of the school led by AF Hall and later by the Headmaster, JF Elam. Trenches were on a small scale because the site was on the school rugby field, and not all trenches were excavated to natural. Foundations were generally shallow and many were robbed. <1> The method of excavation was by a limited number of long narrow trenches. Great difficulty was experienced in tracing the walls of the temple so the plan produced was rather tentative. The earliest feature recognised was a polygonal ditch almost 3ft deep with an entrance on the E side. The area had later been enclosed by a wall swung out on the W to preserve the ditch which had presumably been retained. The wall had an entrance on the E side corresponding with the break in the ditch. A rectangular temple was built in the centre of the enclosure; it apparently had a floor of rammed soil that extended outside it and prompted Hull to postulate the possible existence of a timber veranda. Hull also suggested that the temple may have been sub- divided into 2 compartments by a N-S wall.A building near the S end of the walled enclosure apparently had a wide entrance in its S wall and was taken by Hull to be an assembly hall. The only stratified dateable objects reported are 2 coins, one of Domitian and one of Hadrian. Three significant finds - a small bronze stag and 2 bronze plaques, one dedicated to Silvanus by a slave or freedman, the other to Silvanus Calliucus by a coppersmith. Hull postulated a first timber temple replaced by a rectangular one in stone foundations, the ditch having been a palisade trench. But instead, perhaps dating from pre-Roman times there had simply been a sacred area containing a tree or other feature enclosed and demarcated by the polygonal ditch or palisade. <2>

Sources/Archives (2)

  • <1> EXCAV REPORT: Hull, MR. 1958. Roman Colchester. pp236-240.
  • <2> DESC TEXT: Crummy, P in Rodwell, WJ. 1980. The Temples of Roman Colchester. BAR 77, pp258, copy in SMR.

Finds (4)

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Related Monuments/Buildings (0)

Related Events/Activities (1)

Record last edited

Aug 13 2021 12:18PM

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