Monument record MCC7774 - Olivers

Summary

Post medieval brick kiln - Suffolk type.

Location

Grid reference Centred TL 9653 2127 (98m by 98m)
Map sheet TL92SE
Civil Parish STANWAY, COLCHESTER, ESSEX

Map

Type and Period (4)

Full Description

Post medieval brick kiln - Suffolk type. <1> During tree felling prior to replanting in a small wood 250m SW of the house (Olivers) the owners noticed an appreciable quantity of brick in the cavities of the tree stumps suggesting a possible kiln in the vicinity. In the south-east part of the wood are two large depressions which appear to have been clay pits. A short distance away two adjoining U-shaped hollows with slightly raised rims and south facing mouths running out with the slope of the valley appeared to be the most likely locations of kilns and these were excavated. The westernmost hollow contained the remains of two kilns. The rims around both hollows consisted largely of jumbled, broken bricks and tiles. The finds offer some dating evidence and it is obvious that the kilns may have been used intermittently according to demand over a considerable period, possibly hundreds of years. On or within 5cms of the surface were found expended rifle shells and mortar bombs, the area having been used for practice 1939-45. The quantity of roof tiles on site was appreciable but it is uncertain whether they were regularly manufactured or used to make a shelter over the kiln or ancillary brick making processes. There were two horse skeletons in the fill of kiln 2. 7 heavy horseshoes provide some indication for the last use of the kiln - two appear to date c.1700-1815 and two 1650-1800. Finds also include four pieces of pipe stem of which one is possbly C17 and the others C18, a pipe bowl of Oswalds type c/1660-80, and a large fragment of a tall narrow jar in red earthenware, c.1575-1675. On a map shoeing the manor of Olivers in 1658 (ERO) the area was then known as Kell or Kill Field (it was not then wooded) both obsolete spellings of kiln. Also shown is a small square at the location of the kilns - suggesting that the kilns were operating in 1658. It is possible that the kilns provided the bricks for extensions of Olivers in the C17 and C18. The field east of the wood is referred to as Part Kiln Field on the 1840 tithe apportionment and so may also have contained a kiln or kilns at some period before 1840. <2> The brick kiln is dated 1658-c.1800 with three phases of development, the last two bricj built. <3>

Sources/Archives (3)

  • <1> DESC TEXT: Priddy, DA. 1985. SMR.
  • <2> DESC TEXT: Fawn, AJ. 1984. A kiln at Olivers, Stanway, 1984. Vol 27, p19-24.
  • <3> DESC TEXT: Priddy, DA. 1986. SMR.

Finds (4)

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Related Monuments/Buildings (0)

Related Events/Activities (1)

Record last edited

Nov 3 2015 11:41AM

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