Site Event/Activity record ECC3593 - Stage 1b trial-trenched evaluation on Alienated Land Area S2 (north and north-west), Colchester Garrison, Colchester, 2010
Location
Location | Alienated Land Area S2 (north and north-west), Colchester Garrison, Colchester |
---|---|
Grid reference | Centred TL 9950 2214 (463m by 306m) |
Map sheet | TL92SE |
County | ESSEX |
Non Parish Area | COLCHESTER, COLCHESTER, ESSEX |
Technique(s)
Organisation
Colchester Archaeological Trust Ltd
Date
August to September 2010
Description
Thirty-one trial-trenches were excavated by Colchester Archaeological Trust on the Garrison Alienated Land Area S2, N and NW, a site flanked by Roman Way (to the west), the Berechurch Dyke (to the east) the GAL Area S2 (south) 2007 excavation site (to the south), and the remaining part of the Roman Barracks (to the north). <1>
A limited trial-trenched evaluation (0.9% sample) had been previously undertaken in advance of outline planning permission in 2002 (Stage 1a; CAT Report 207). <2> A further 1,514 square metres was undertaken (following full planning) to make up a total 3% sample, comprising 841m of 1.8m wide trenches (31 trenches).
The principal result of the Area S2 N and NW evaluation has been the discovery of nine Roman field ditches defining a Roman farmed landscape which (again) shares the broad NW/SE or SW/NE alignment of the Roman landscape revealed by previous evaluations at Colchester Garrison. A principal component of the farming landscape was a gravel trackway which shared the alignment of the other Roman field ditches (in T5 and T8). Wheel ruts cut the surface of gravel trackway, and a number of postholes are probably associated either with the trackway or the surrounding farmland. Three ditches were phased to the prehistoric period.
The general lack of large quantities of Roman (or earlier) finds indicates that this was essentially a rural landscape, although finds such as quern fragments show that a farmstead or other settlement cannot be too far away.
The post-medieval landscape was more fragmentary than the Roman landscape, and consisted of a few ditch fragments and post-holes. Residual medieval pottery hints at an earlier phase of fields which has otherwise disappeared.
However the bulk of the post-medieval and modern features relate to the barracks themselves. Infrastructure and structural elements were identified across the site, as well as significant truncation no doubt caused when the Roman Barracks were remodelled and landscaped in the mid 20th century.
Sources/Archives (2)
- <1> SCC72699 Evaluation Report: Brooks, H., Holloway, B. and Masefield, R.. 2010. Stage 1b archaeological evaluation, Alienated Land Area S2 (north and north-west), Colchester Garrison, Colchester, Essex August-September 2010. CAT Report 565.
- <2> SCC710 Evaluation Report: Brooks, Howard (CAT). 2002. An archaeological evaluation by trial-trenching on Areas DR, G, M, P, Q, R, RO, S and T at Colchester Garrison PFI site, Colchester, Essex. CAT Report 207.
Related Monuments/Buildings (0)
Record last edited
Mar 14 2016 3:46PM